Sources

The following abbreviations are used in the Pictorial Dictionary to refer to specific frequently-cited sources:

[ANA1]
Humphery-Smith, C. R.  Anglo-Norman Armory.  Family History, 1973.

[ANA2]
Humphery-Smith, C.R.  Anglo-Norman Armory Two:  An ordinary of 13th Century armorials.  Institute of Heraldic and Genealogical Studies, 1984.

[Armeria]
Pidal de Navascues, F.M.  Libro de Armeria del Reino de Navarra (Book of Arms of the Kingdom of Navarre).  La Gran Enciclopedia Vasca, Bilbao, 1974 (orig. compiled mid-16th C).

[Asp2]
London, H.S., & Tremlett, T.  Aspilogia II:  Rolls of Arms temp. Henry III.  Society of Antiquaries, 1967.

[Bedingfeld]
Bedingfeld, H., & Gwynn-Jones, P.  Heraldry.  Chartwell Books, 1993.

[Bossewell]
Bossewell, J.  Workes of Armorie.  Da Capo Press, reprinted 1969 (orig. pub 1572).

[Brault]
Brault, G.  Early Blazon:  Heraldic Terminology in the 12th and 13th Centuries.  Oxford University Press, 1972.

[Brault2]
Brault, G.  Eight Thirteenth Century Rolls of Arms.  Pennsylvania State University Press, 1973.

[BSB]
Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (National Library of Bavaria).  Online resource of scanned documents from the Bavarian National Library collection, including many heretofore unavailable rolls of arms.  At http://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/index.html?c=startseite&l=en&projekt= with search capabilities.

[Conz.Const.]
von Richtental, U.  Chronicle of the Council of Constance (Das Concilium zu Constenz).  Compiled 1413; illustrated and published 1536.

[DBA1]
Chesshyre, H., & Woodcock, T.  Dictionary of British Arms:  Medieval Ordinary, vol.1.  Society of Antiquaries of London, 1992.

[DBA2]
Woodcock, T., & Grant, J.  Dictionary of British Arms:  Medieval Ordinary, vol.2.  Society of Antiquaries of London, 1996.

[DBA3]
Woodcock, T., & Flower, S.  Dictionary of British Arms:  Medieval Ordinary, vol.3.  Society of Antiquaries of London, 2009.

[DBA4]
Woodcock, T., & Flower, S.  Dictionary of British Arms:  Medieval Ordinary, vol.4.  Society of Antiquaries of London, 2014.

[de Bara]
de Bara, H.  Le Blason des Armoiries (The Blazon of Armory).  Chez Jean de Bonnot, reprinted 1975 (orig. pub. 1581).

[Dennys]
Dennys, R.  The Heraldic Imagination.  Clarkson N. Potter, 1975.

[Dennys CoA]
Annotations and amendments to Dennys, The Heraldic Imagination, in a book review by A. Colin Cole. Coat of Arms II(98), Summer 1976.

[Franklyn]
Franklyn, J., & Tanner, J.  An Encyclopædic Dictionary of Heraldry.  Pergamon Press, 1970.

[Friar]
Friar, S.  A Dictionary of Heraldry.  Harmony Books, 1987.

[GATD]
Le grand armorial équestre de la Toison d’Or (Great Armorial of the Order of the Golden Fleece).  Edited by Michel Pastoureau and Michel Popoff.  Éditions du Gui, 2001 (orig. compiled c.1460).

[Gelre]
Heinenzoon, C.  The Armorial de Gelre.  Edited by C. Van den Bergen et al.  Jan van Helmont, 1992 (orig. pub. c.1370).

[Grove]
Sadie, S., et al.  The New Grove’s Dictionary of Music and Musicians.  Grove’s Dictionaries, Inc., 2nd edition, 2001.

[Guide]
Fox-Davies, A. C.  A Complete Guide to Heraldry.  Revised and annotated by J.P. Brooke-Little.  Bonanza Books, 1985 (orig. pub. 1909).

[Guillim1], [Guillim2]
Guillim, J.  A Display of Heraldrie.  London.  1st edition, 1610 [Guillim1]; 2nd edition, 1632 [Guillim2].

[Gwynn-Jones]
Gwynn-Jones, P.  The Art of Heraldry:  Origins, Symbols and Designs.  Prospero Books, 1998.

[Hawley]
Hawley, W. & Chappelear, K.  Mon: The Japanese Family Crest.  W. M. Hawley Press, 1976.

[HB]
Fox-Davies, A. C.  Heraldic Badges.  John Lane, 1907.

[HCE]
Heralds’ Commemorative Exhibition, 1484-1934.  English College of Arms, London, 1936.

[Her.Alph]
Brooke-Little, J. P.  An Heraldic Alphabet.  Arco Publishing, 2nd edition, 1975.

[Hope]
Hope, Wm. St.John.  A Grammar of English Heraldry.  Cambridge University Press, 2nd edition, 1953.

[Hope2]
Hope, Wm. St.John.  Heraldry for Craftsmen and Designers.  Pitman & Sons, 1929.

[Ingeram]
Ingeram, H.  The Ingeram Codex (also called the Codex Cotta after one of its owners).  Edited by C. Becher and O. Gamber.  Hermann Böhlaus, 1986 (orig. compiled c.1450).

[Legh]
Legh, G.  The Accidens of Armory.  London, 1576.

[Mayer]
Mayer, L.A.  Saracenic Heraldry.  Oxford University Press, 1933.

[Neubecker]
Neubecker, O.  Heraldry:  Sources, Symbols and Meaning.  McGraw-Hill Books, 1976.

[Nobreza]
Godinho, A.  Livro da Nobreza e Perfeicam das Armas (Book of Nobility).  Edited by M. de Albuquerque and J.P. de Abreu e Lima.  Edicoes Inapa, 1987 (orig. pub. c.1540).  [Nobreza]

[NW]
Raber, V.  Vigil Rabers Neustifter Wappenbuch.  Edited by H.W. Arch.  Verlag A. Weger, Brixen, 2001 (orig. compiled mid-16th C.).

[Parker]
Parker, J.  A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry.  Charles E. Tuttle, reprinted 1970 (orig. pub. 1894).

[Pastoureau]
Pastoureau, M.  Traité d’Héraldique.  Picard, 2nd edition, 1993.

[RH]
Holme, R.  Randle Holme’s Book.  Edited by Oswald Barron as “A Fifteenth Century Book of Arms”, The Ancestor, 1902 (orig. compiled c.1460).

[Scheibler]
Scheibler, first name unknown.  Scheibler’schen Wappenbuch (Scheibler’s Roll of Arms), c.1450.  Online at http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Scheibler_Armorial.

[Scots]
Campbell, C.  The Scots Roll: A Study of a Fifteenth Century Roll of Arms.  Heraldry Society of Scotland, 1995 (orig. compiled c.1455).

[Siddons]
Siddons, M.  Heraldic Badges in England and Wales.  Boydell Press, 2009.

[Siebmacher]
Siebmacher, J.  The Roll of Arms (Dem Wappenbuch).  Edited by Horst Appuhn.  Harenberg, 1989 (orig. pub. 1605).

[TJ]
Jenyn, T.  Thomas Jenyn’s Book.  Heraldry Society of Scotland, Peebles, 1983 (orig. compiled c.1410).

[Triv]
Maspoli, C.  Stemmario Trivulziano.  Niccolo’ Orsini de Marzo, Milan, 2000 (orig. compiled mid-15th C.).

[Volborth]
von Volborth, C.A.  Heraldry:  Customs, Rules and Styles.  Blandford Press, 1981.

[Walden]
de Walden, H.  Banners, Standards and Badges, from a Tudor Manuscript in the College of Arms.  The de Walden Library, 1904 (orig. compiled c.1510).

[Woodcock & Robinson]
Woodcock, T., & Robinson, J.  The Oxford Guide to Heraldry.  Oxford University Press, 1988.

[Woodward]
Woodward, J., & Burnett, G.  A Treatise on Heraldry, British and Foreign.  Charles E. Tuttle, reprinted 1969 (orig. pub. 1896).

[Zurich]
The Zurich Roll of Arms (Wappenrolle von Zürich, Rôle d’Armes de Zurich).  Edited by Michel Popoff.  Léopard d’Or, 1986 (orig. compiled c.1340).